Importance of TSO Forecast in Power System Processes – Challenges in Load, Generation, Storage and Sector Coupling Forecast

Abstract:
The increasing number of renewable energies, especially small photovoltaic (PV) systems and associated household storage systems, pose major challenges for network operators. From the perspective of the transmission system operator (TSO), the network is characterized by uncertainties in the load and generation situation, which leads to system interventions and the use of balancing energy. Forecasts are therefore an important and necessary tool when integrating renewable energy, batteries and electric vehicles (EV) as well as an increasing number of sector coupling technologies (SCT) into the existing power system. They are included in load flow calculations, used for redispatch planning and to market electricity. However, there is currently no forecast concept at TSO level that covers EV, batteries and SCT. To develop such a reliable load, generation, storage and sector coupling forecast, it is necessary to know the process environment and the associated energy market data as well as internal data exchange processes. For this purpose, this paper focuses on analyzing the processes for which the forecasts are used and on the resulting formulation of a catalogue of actual and future requirements. Finally, this paper presents conditions and a process concept how to integrate forecasts for batteries, EV and SCT in TSO processes.