Pilot Node Method Applied to Grid-Forming Converter to Supply In-stantaneous Reserve from the Distribution Grid

Abstract:
Due to the increasing number of converter-connected renewable energy sources in the distribution grid, power balancing and supplying instantaneous reserve pose a challenge. This paper presents a method, termed pilot nodes, applied to Grid-Forming Converter Control to supply instantaneous reserve from the distribution grid. The pilot node method is based on voltage angle control. The concept is to maintain a fixed voltage angle at the connection point to the transmission grid using a voltage source converter from the distribution grid. This allows the coordinated participation of the converters and their fast response to maintaining the power balance of the grid. The method is evaluated on a test grid of two levels based on a modified 39-bus New England system.