Frequency stability analysis under the influence of decentralized energy resources in a cellular energy system

Abstract:
This study investigates the dynamic behavior of decentralized energy systems within a cellular framework across multiple voltage levels in a large-scale grid. Grid-forming inverters consistently demonstrate superior performance over grid-following inverters by effectively mitigating frequency deviations, improving synchronization, and lowering RoCoF. Stability is significantly affected by spatial factors such as electrical distance, node connectivity, and interactions between voltage levels. Strategic deployment of gridforming inverters near disturbance-prone areas is recommended to bolster system resilience. These findings contribute to the design of robust decentralized energy systems capable of supporting high levels of renewable energy integration while ensuring stability.