Unlocking distribution grid flexibility through low-temperature district heating: A literature-based assessment

Abstract:
Low-temperature district heating is a key component of future climate-neutral energy systems. Its decentralized structure and reliance on demand-side electric heat boosters offers significant potential for providing flexibility to electricity distribution networks. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent literature to evaluate the extent of this flexibility potential. It highlights that demand-side electric heat boosters can support peak shaving and grid stabilization but this potential is only realized through the application of smart control strategies. Studies show that improper integration may instead increase grid stress. A lack of system-wide modeling and grid-relevant metrics is identified as a research gap. The paper concludes by recommending future work to focus on grid-impact quantification.