Integration of E-Mobility and Decentralized Generators in Distribution Grids: Analysis of Future Scenarios and Recommendations

Abstract:
The increasing electrification of the electricity, heating and mobility sectors presents new challenges for distribution grids. This study investigates the impact of rising shares of photovoltaic systems, heat pumps, and electric vehicle charging infrastructure on a low-voltage grid. Realistic load profiles were assigned based on seasonal, weekly, and daily variations to reflect typical and critical grid situations. A scenario analysis for the years 2030, 2040, and 2050 was conducted, followed by power congestion and voltage analyses. Results show that transformer capacity limits are expected to be reached from 2040 onwards.