An overview of Lithium-Ion battery models and their parametrisation techniques

Inhalt:
Lithium-ion batteries play an important role in the transition to renewable energy by stabilizing electrical grids and enabling the integration of intermittent sources like solar and wind power. They also serve as the backbone of electric vehicles (EVs), reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Furthermore, these batteries can contribute sector coupling and advancing the integration of EV charging infrastructure in the power grids. However, their operation is inherently complex due to the intricate electrochemical reactions occurring within each cell. Modeling Lithium-ion batteries serves as a powerful tool for analyzing and understanding their performance under different conditions. Such analysis is essential for optimizing battery design and/or operation, estimating the state of charge (SoC) and state of health (SoH), and predicting long-term performance metrics such as total energy throughput over the battery's lifetime. The choice of model depends on the specific objectives of the analysis. Given the wide range of available models, each differing in complexity, computational demands, and accuracy, selecting the most suitable one requires careful consideration. Additionally, developing an accurate model relies on determining numerous parameters, many of which must be estimated through advanced measurement techniques. This paper provides a structured overview of the most widely used lithium-ion battery models highlighting their advantages, and limitations to aid in selecting the most suitable model for the required application. Furthermore, measurement techniques, experimental testing procedures, and parameter fitting methods required for model implementation are reviewed to support the development of reliable battery models.